Is my DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate) normal?
Free blood test checker · Standard + longevity-optimal ranges
What is a normal DHEA-S level?
DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in the body, produced primarily by the adrenal glands. It serves as a precursor to both testosterone and estrogen. DHEA-S peaks in the mid-20s and declines steadily — by age 70, levels are 20-30% of peak values, a process called "adrenopause." Normal range is 35-430 µg/dL, varying significantly by age and sex. Below 20 µg/dL may indicate adrenal insufficiency. DHEA-S is considered one of the most reliable biomarkers of biological aging — centenarian studies consistently show higher-than-expected DHEA-S levels.
| Range | Values |
|---|---|
| Standard Reference | 35–430 µg/dL |
| Low Risk | < 20 µg/dL |
What causes abnormal DHEA-S levels?
Low DHEA-S is primarily caused by aging (adrenopause), chronic stress and adrenal fatigue, adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease), long-term corticosteroid use, and pituitary dysfunction. High DHEA-S can indicate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal tumors, or exogenous DHEA supplementation.
When should you see a doctor?
See your doctor if DHEA-S is below 20 µg/dL (possible adrenal insufficiency), if you have symptoms of hormonal imbalance (fatigue, low libido, muscle loss), or if DHEA-S is unexpectedly elevated in women (possible PCOS or adrenal pathology). Testing cortisol alongside DHEA-S provides a more complete adrenal picture.
DHEA-S and longevity
DHEA-S is one of the most studied biomarkers of biological aging. Centenarian studies consistently demonstrate that exceptionally long-lived individuals maintain DHEA-S levels significantly higher than age-matched controls. The DHEA-S-to-cortisol ratio is emerging as a marker of anabolic-catabolic balance: a declining ratio reflects the shift from anabolic (tissue-building) to catabolic (tissue-breaking) dominance that characterizes aging. DHEA-S also has immunomodulatory properties — it counterbalances the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol, supporting T-cell function and reducing susceptibility to infections. The adrenopause trajectory — a steady 2-3% annual decline from peak values — parallels age-related declines in muscle mass, bone density, and cognitive function.
Where to get a DHEA-S test
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Related biomarkers
These biomarkers are often tested alongside DHEA-S for a more complete picture.
Frequently asked questions
What is a normal DHEA-S level?
Why does DHEA-S decline with age?
Should I supplement with DHEA?
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Sources: Reference ranges based on AHA/ACC, ADA, and AACE clinical guidelines. Biological variation data from Ricos/Westgard database. Longevity-optimal ranges reflect targets used by preventive and functional medicine practitioners.
Last reviewed: April 2026. This tool provides general health information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider about your specific results.